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The Tom & Dave Show

How the Olympic bid scandal flunked Hollywood.

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Maybe the story needed a happy ending, just like those in the made-for-television movies Saving Jessica Lynch and The Elizabeth Smart Story. But two Hollywood docudramas about the Utah Olympic scandal got axed after network executives reviewed their storylines. Neither got past the screenplay stage.

Not even the ongoing bribery trial for bid organizers Tom Welch and Dave Johnson is likely to revive the projects. Even so, a glimpse at the screenplays—obtained by City Weekly—reveals how Hollywood planned to portray the bribery scandal. Though dead, they’re an autopsy of sorts. Both reveal how much poetic license is often interjected into television fare, even when based on true stories.

Real-life characters are now taking the real-life stage at the federal courthouse in downtown Salt Lake City. How does their testimony compare to their lines that ended up in trash cans at Fox and Showtime?

9/11: America’s Mood Changes

In 2001, the pending Tom & Dave trial was being billed as Utah’s “Trial of the Century.” Dozens of reporters from around the world were signed up to cover it until federal Judge David Sam dismissed the case. By the time the appeals court reversed Sam’s decision and ordered a trial, the Games were over and the bribery accusations were out of sight, out of mind.

Now the trial unfolds before an unpacked courtroom. Public interest has all but vanished. After 9/11, the 2002 Winter Olympic Games were refashioned into a symbol of America’s resolve—the show, and life, must go on. President George W. Bush opened the Games himself, protected under a record $300 million security umbrella. Americans wanted symbols of love, brotherhood and Olympic spirit—not tawdry, televised tales of Salt Lake bidders allegedly buying the right to host the Games.

Three months after the terrorist attack and one month after Sam dismissed charges against Welch and Johnson, The Associated Press reported that both television movie deals were dead. The AP story said declining ad revenue after the attacks and “a shift in American entertainment values since the Sept. 11 attacks,” contributed to the decisions.

A Fox television project titled Let the Games Begin “really never came together,” Gerard Bocaccio, Fox vice president for entertainment and programming told the wire service. “We were trying to write satire, which is hard,” Bocaccio said. “It was not a great script, and we couldn’t get it out before the Olympics.”

After Fox turned down the script it had ordered, the project was pitched to CBS. The agent for screenwriters Carolyn Shelby and Christopher Ames told them the script made it to the desk of then CBS president Les Moonves for review.

“It went all the way up to the head of CBS and had gotten enthusiastic responses from the lower people there,” said Shelby. “He read it the night of Sept. 10. Then 9/11 came, and that was the end of it. No way was anyone going to do a black comedy questioning anything about the red, white and blue after something as tragic as 9/11.” (It was Moonves who last week pulled The Reagans off his network, relegating it to Showtime.)

The second bid scandal movie deal, Good As Gold: The Salt Lake City Olympic Scandal, suffered the same fate. The Hollywood production company that pitched its concept to Showtime had a script that, initially, passed muster. Jon Eskenas, director of development for Orly Adelson Productions said, “They [Showtime] had liked the script, but there had been some personnel changes at the network.”

Is Fiction Stranger than Truth?

The Gold screenplay takes viewers on a fast-paced sweep of the scandal and its aftermath, beginning in Birmingham, England, in 1991 when Salt Lake City lost to Nagano—with Salt Lakers handing out taffy while the Japanese were passing out Krugerrand gold coins—through a scene near the end where SLOC President Mitt Romney tries to talk Welch into accepting guilty pleas to avoid a trial.

But were the Japanese really passing out Krugerrands, and did Romney secretly meet with Welch at the Utah’s Olympic Park luge-run? Romney, since elected

governor of Massachusetts, says in the script that he met with federal prosecutors and learned they weren’t anxious to drag out the case. They were willing to drop it for a guilty plea on a measly tax violation.

TOM: Sounds easy, doesn’t it.

ROMNEY: But that’s just it! It is easy. You give them their little conviction so they feel like the whole thing wasn’t a waste and the world goes on believing the games are honest and the system is clean and nothing needs changing.

Welch, in the screenplay, declines Mitt’s offer: “I’m gonna expose the whole thing ... the delegates and the committee, the kickbacks and the payoffs ... I’m gonna show the world what these games have become.”

Did Romney want Tom & Dave to take guilty pleas? Yes. Did it happen like that, a clandestine meeting at a picturesque site? No. Screenwriter Adam Greenman, through his agent, declined comment about the accuracy of his research. But a collaborator said Greenman “made up” his scenes and dialogue, relying for the scandal’s big picture primarily on Sydney Fonnesbeck, a friend of Welch’s, and former bid committee member Ken Bullock. Both Bullock and Fonnesbeck are listed as witnesses for the ongoing trial.

On the other hand, Games’ screenwriters Shelby and Ames tried to avoid making up anything. “We’ve always been sticklers for accuracy,” said Ames.

His wife, and co-writer, Shelby said, “At least two people have to agree the same events happened. In some cases we had to take dramatic license.”

Games portrays Bullock’s view that he informed Gov. Mike Leavitt about alleged bid shenanigans long before the scandal broke. The scene has Bullock and Leavitt meeting at the governor’s office:

BULLOCK: ... I like Tom, I really do. And I don’t know if he even realizes what he’s done. But. ...

LEAVITT: Ken, can we get along with this? I got dinner with George W. If he runs for president, he’s gonna need a VP.

BULLOCK: They bribed the IOC, sir. They broke the law at least half a dozen ways. ...

LEAVITT: Come on.

* * * * * *

BULLOCK: Over $7,000 spent on perfume... limo

charges I suspect were really for prostitutes...

LEAVITT: Not a chance. Tom’s Mormon.

Leavitt denies knowing about any attempts to bribe IOC members, and will say so when he testifies for the prosecution. But Welch and Johnson’s defense team will try to produce a Perry Mason moment and get the governor to say otherwise.

Welch himself was a source for the Games script. At least the writing team got some of his story. Ames spent about six hours with Welch at the home of his now estranged wife in Huntington Beach, Calif.

“We were scheduled to get together the next day. But afterward he talked to his lawyer and his lawyer, after he got up off the floor, said, ‘Don’t talk to anybody,’” Ames said. The rest of the interview was canceled.

The first big scene in both scripts takes place June 1991 in Birmingham, England. Locations like that—Paris, Budapest, Cairo, Lillehammer—may have been another strike against the TV movie proposals. It would have cost too much to film at all the exotic locations Salt Lake City bidders visited for schmoozing and conferences.

“All of the networks have dramatically slashed their TV movie projects,” said Shelby. “There’s been a radical change of all the networks since then. They lost a great deal of advertising after 9/11, the economy has gone down, and they’ve lost even more.”

In its Birmingham scene, the less-accurate Gold script plays up the role of the No. 3 man on in the bid effort, Craig Peterson, now Chief Operating Officer of the Salt Lake Chamber of Commerce. He was chief administrative officer during the bid process, behind the script’s leading men: Welch and Johnson. Peterson is a key witness in the current bribery trial and has yet to testify.

The Gold screenplay describes Peterson as “chubby, mid-forties, in a wrinkled suit and a stained tie.” Peterson was assigned to the bid committee as a watchdog of sorts. Former Salt Lake City Councilwoman Fonnesbeck said, “Craig went in originally as the watchdog for Salt Lake City.” He was supposed to help keep the bid process open and ethical, she said.

Indeed, Peterson had the power to review everything Johnson, Welch and others did with bid money: He signed the checks between 1989 and 1995. Peterson’s subordinate at the bid committee, finance director Rod Hamson, testified last week that Peterson “didn’t fit in well.” Hamson said his boss’s dress and appearance was not the same as Welch’s and Johnson’s. Instead of working 12-hour days like the rest of them “he [Peterson] was the first to leave at 5 p.m.”

Given his insider and check-signing status when gift-giving was running amuck, it’s no surprise Peterson will be a key witness. He was not given immunity for his testimony, but an agreement was reached that he would not be prosecuted, according to a source close to the investigation.

Peterson has been tight-lipped ever since the scandal broke, refusing to testify before an ethics committee assigned by Gov. Leavitt to investigate the scandal. So how does so much information, attributed to him, suddenly pop up in a screenplay?

Peterson declined to return a phone call. Fonnesbeck, a friend of Peterson’s, doubts Peterson cooperated with the screenwriter. “Craig takes great pride he hasn’t talked to anybody,” she said.

The Gold script puts Welch and Peterson in Welch’s office discussing tactics being used by Johnson to woo International Olympic Committee (IOC) members in response to Quebec’s bid tactics.

CRAIG: He’s out of control, Tom.

TOM: Oh, come on.

CRAIG (paces, upset): It’s true. He’s threatening people, he’s making promises we can’t keep, he’s violating every rule in the book…

TOM: Well maybe that’s good! Hell, there are no rules, and you know that! Here, look at this ...!

(He picks up a beautifully printed BID BOOK that says “Quebec Means Olympics! Oui!”

TOM: Quebec means “oui pay” for you to stay in our best hotels and “oui get” you in front seats at all the hockey games and “oui arrange” for you to meet [Canadian PM] Trudeau.

CRAIG : So now we have to bribe delegates for their votes?!

TOM: Oh no! Absolutely not! Don’t forget bribing is money … and what we’re giving is gifts.”

Even though screenwriter Greenman may have made up quotes and may not have spoken to either Welch or Peterson, his Welch statement in the screenplay is curiously consistent with the statement Welch gave Mike Wallace in a 60 Minutes interview aired February 2002, as Salt Lake City was hosting the Games: ‘It wasn’t a quid pro quo. It wasn’t, ‘I’ll give you this, you give me that,’” Welch said in the broadcast.

“A bribe is when I offer to give you something and in return you give me something,” Welch told Wallace. “These guys were never asked for their votes. Their votes were never promised.”

The government expects Peterson to confirm during the trial that Welch and Johnson were attempting to bribe IOC members for votes. But Welch and Johnson expect Peterson to testify that whatever was going on—they don’t concede it was bribery, and they don’t expect that Peterson will use that expression—their superiors knew about it, contrary to what the federal indictment implies.

“I believe Craig will testify that the board knew about the actions staff was taking,” Welch told The Associated Press two years ago, after the FBI subpoenaed Peterson’s Olympic records.

Fonnesbeck, who assisted with Fox’s Games script, said Peterson told her he’ll have a story to tell, some day. “The biggest problem for him is that people haven’t been very truthful about how much they knew. That’s been a real shocker for him,” she said.

Fonnesbeck said Welch told her he couldn’t imagine how Peterson would say much now. “Craig didn’t challenge Tom. Craig told me he went to one of the attorneys or auditors with a concern and was told it was fine,” she said.

In the Gold script, Peterson is portrayed as questioning whether the committee was resorting to bribery from the get-go. In the Birmingham scene, Peterson is trying to convince Zein Gadir, a Sudanese General, to support Utah.

CRAIG: Does Nagano have anything built yet? No! Does Osterlund? No! You know why? Because they’re waiting to see if they get the bid first. But that’s what makes us different! We’re building now! We’re preparing for success! We’re Mormons!

GADIR: (stone faced) I see.

CRAIG: Would you like some taffy?

CRAIG: (He hands the General another gift-wrapped package.) It’s our specialty.

(The general stares like he was just handed a box of dog shit, before turning and starting off. ...)

Even though the exchange between Gadir and Peterson likely did not take place, it is accurate that Gadir was uncouth and demanding and that Salt Lake’s taffy was going up against Nagano’s computers. “The Japanese press dubbed it the ‘yen-dollar war,’” reported Time magazine. “Fumes Kim Warren, an international-relations coordinator for the Salt Lake Olympic Bid Committee: ‘We were giving out saltwater taffy and cowboy hats, and they were giving out computers.’”

In the trial’s opening statement, Johnson‘s attorney, Max Wheeler, picked up on that theme, wondering whether Nagano had stolen the vote, showering IOC members with “electronics and gifts.” Wheeler said, “Rumors flew around about bribes being paid.” And he conceded the Utah delegation tried to raise some cash of its own.

The other script, Games, portrays what happened in Birmingham in more detail. Tom and Dave are worried as they watch Nagano out-gift them for the ’98 games.

DAVE: We’re screwed.

INT. NAGANO HOSPITALITY ROOM - HOTEL - BIRMINGHAM - NIGHT

The reception room looks like the Imperial Palace... or, more accurately, the Imperial Palace Restaurant. Geishas in kimonos circulate quietly, serving sake and sushi. The Japanese have gift tables just like Salt Lake... but theirs groan with laptops, camcorders and fax machines, free for the taking to any IOC member. Tom is staggered.

TOM: We are beyond screwed.

Then, in the screenplay, Welch approaches Atlanta bid committee CEO Billy Payne, who successfully scored the 1996 Summer Games for Atlanta and is now on the defense witness list.

TOM: Okay, this is a blatant violation of the rules. Who do we talk to?

(Payne is laughing): What?

PAYNE: The night before we got the bid for Atlanta, I couldn’t sleep. Turned on the TV and there was that old movie “Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid.” And Butch and this guy are about to go at it. So Butch walks toward him sayin’, “We gotta get the rules straight.” And the guy says, “There’s no rules in a knife fight.” But by now, Butch is close enough to where he kicks him right in the balls. Well, I musta laughed the whole resta the night. That’s what this is, boys. You’re in a knife fight.

TOM: Must be. I feel like I just got kicked in the balls.

But trial prosecutors unveiled evidence that Salt Lake City bidders already knew they were in a knife fight with Nagano, they just wielded a smaller blade. Testimony and evidence presented the first week showed Salt Lake City had in Birmingham already paid what the government claims are cash bribes, even as they learned they were being out-gifted by the Japanese.

The indictment against Welch and Johnson refers to one of the two cash payments disclosed during the trial last week. One of the incidents occurred just hours before Salt Lake City lost to Nagano. It could be proof that the win-at-all-costs mentality had begun even before Salt Lakers were stunned by Nagano’s win. The indictment was rather sparse with detail:

“On or about April 26, 1991, defendant THOMAS K. WELCH caused an intermediary to send a letter to IOC member Slobodan Filopovic falsely representing that the intermediary’s law firm had a “client” who was willing to pay Filopovic $1,200 for information on foreign investments and steel production in Yugoslavia.”

The indictment does not name the intermediary, the law firm, or the so-called client. More details could come out during trial because the primary witness to the Filopovic transaction, Salt Lake attorney David Hardy, is on the witness list for the prosecution.

Hardy gave City Weekly a preview of his testimony. He said Welch had him hire Filopovic to do $1200 worth of legal work, but that the legal work was really a pretext to give Salt Lake City bidders an opportunity to bend the IOC member’s ear. Hardy said he and Welch once visited Filopovic in Yugoslavia and learned he was trying to attract foreign investment for steel mills in his country. “As we were returning home on the plane Tom and I were trying to figure out how we could create something. We thought, well, Joe Cannon is on the committee and maybe can do something there,” Hardy said.

Cannon, a co-owner of Utah County’s Geneva Steel, who was a member of the bid committee, is presently Utah Republican Party chairman, and is on the prosecutors’ witness list. What better way to create a relationship than to get two people interested in steel together? So Welch and Hardy allegedly came up with the idea of “hiring” the Yugoslavian to do a study on steel investment opportunities in his country, then get him and Cannon to discuss the findings over breakfast in Birmingham.

“It was clearly intended to facilitate getting this guy to sit down and create a relationship,” Hardy said. Hardy said the “legal fee” was paid by the bid committee, not by Geneva Steel.

He said that Welch and Johnson were also at the meeting in Birmingham. “Clearly no one ever intended there to be a deal,” Hardy said. Cannon is expected to testify he was oblivious to his role in the alleged bribery.

Were there any other alleged “bribery” attempts in Birmingham? Wheeler had mentioned the committee’s attempt to raise more cash during his opening statement.

Two years ago, City Weekly disclosed that, just hours before the 88 IOC members cast secret ballots in Birmingham, there was an alleged attempt to extort money from the Salt Lake City bidders. In a single paragraph in its 1999 report, the SLOC ethics panel explained the incident: “Mr. Welch told the Board of Ethics that on the night before the vote he was approached by at least two individuals on behalf of IOC members asking for cash in exchange of votes. Bid committee personnel refused to make the requested payments.”

A source close to Welch offered City Weekly more detail. The person said Welch was approached by the son of Congo IOC member Jean Claude Ganga. President of the African National Olympic Committee, Ganga was important because he was thought capable of swaying the votes of other African IOC members.

“He thought if we could put together some money we could get some help from two or three IOC members,” the source said. The source, however, said nothing was paid.

Tongues wagged at a party the night Utah lost to Nagano for the 1998 Winter Games. Jim Young, then director of communications at bid sponsor Geneva Steel, said his boss Joe Cannon told him about the incident. “I remember Joe telling me that he’d been called the previous night by Tom looking for some money,” he said. “They were trying to raise money; it seems like Joe told me they were trying to raise sixty or seventy thousand.”

Young said he believes his boss did not contribute to efforts to raise money for the IOC member. But, he said, “There was this prevailing thought we just didn’t give enough.”

There’s the suspicion, though, that Salt Lake City did react, in some way, to Ganga’s alleged request for money. One source that was in Birmingham said Frank Joklik, the day before the vote for the 1998 Winter Games, talked about Ganga’s request. “Ganga put the heat on Welch,” the source recalls Joklik saying. But instead of Joklik saying that Ganga’s cash solicitation was turned down flat, as the ethics report suggests, Joklik left the impression some money had been paid.

The Salt Lake Tribune, just before the trip, reported that the bid committee’s Birmingham account contained $120,000. It said $80,000 of that had been donated by the parent company of Kennecott. Jean Claude Ganga is not on either witness list.

Utah’s Polygamy Albatross

Both screenplays deal with Utah’s motives behind its obsessive drive to host the Games. Above all, it was to deal with an inferiority complex connected to a public-relations disaster since statehood: polygamy. Further, the image of a “normal” industrious Utah on television sets worldwide could be the biggest missionary tool ever for a church always looking for missionary tools. In the Games script, a group of Utahns discuss the cost of bidding after losing to Nagano:

NORMAN BANGERTER: How much are we talking?

TOM: Ballpark, $12 million. (they gasp) Guys, we got killed yesterday. We’re an international joke. Our own USOC never took us seriously, so the IOC never took us seriously. People around the world, they all think Utah is ... creepy. Polygamy central.

BANGERTER: Polygamy was outlawed in the 1800s!

TOM: They don’t know that! New York and LA, the media, they paint us as ignorant hicks ... the square state, they call us. We’ve gotta get control of our image. Square? Damn right! We have standards. We believe in family. We take care of each other. And we thrive on hard work. We are one hell of a group of terrific people, and the world should know it. Twelve million dollars is a lot of money. But it’s a small price to pay to let people see Utah the way it really is. A hundred and fifty years ago, Brigham Young showed up here and said this is the place. Here, today, I’m saying, this is the time.

The Gold author has Welch and Peterson discussing a second attempt with Jim Jardine, outside bid legal counsel, and Frank Joklik—who would replace Welch as head of the organizing committee—at the starting gate of the half-finished luge run near Park City.

JOKLIK: These games were supposed to be the beginning. These games were supposed to show the world we’re not all a bunch of Postum-drinking polygamists.

PETERSON: Actually a lot of non-Mormons drink Postum.

JARDINE: (open contempt) Thank you, Craig.

Both Joklik and Jardine are expected to testify at trial, although neither is expected to be asked about the Olympics as a way to combat the polygamy image.

In real life, any attempt to forever shed Utah’s polygamy millstone was lost when, just before the Games, polygamist Tom Green was prosecuted by, of all people, Gov. Mike Leavitt’s brother. That trial and its aftermath allowed the visiting world media to feast on polygamy feature stories.

Peterson’s Signatures: Did he understand what he was signing?

The Gold script portrays Peterson as having significant reservations about what was being done to win the Games. For example, the screenplay depicts the secret hiring of Alfredo Lamont, an official with the United States Olympic Committee, to secretly provide dossiers detailing the wishes and wants of IOC members. Information like that, compiled by the bid committee, sort of a shopping list for dignitaries, took on the name the “Geld Document.” Peterson had signed a contract for Citius Inc., a fictitious entity Lamont used to collect secret consulting payments from the Salt Lake Bid Committee (SLBC). Lamont pled guilty to tax offenses as part of a plea bargain to testify against Welch and Johnson.

One night, according to the script, Welch is leaving the offices and notices “a sliver of light from Craig’s office door.”

TOM: You’re angry, aren’t you?

CRAIG: Wouldn’t you be? Paying some greasy informant for the personal weaknesses of Olympic delegates?

TOM: If we don’t someone else will.

CRAIG: And that makes it right?

TOM: No. But winning the Games makes it right. And bringing 10,000 jobs to Utah and rebuilding an Olympic venue where it’ll revitalize a whole community for years to follow, that makes it right doesn’t it?

CRAIG: I don’t’ know. It sounds right when you say it but. ...

(Tom kisses him on the forehead.)

It’s likely that exchange never happened, and it’s not yet clear whether Peterson fully understood the nature of the contracts behind the checks he was signing.

Despite screenwriter Greenman conceding he made up a lot of scenes and dialogue, the production company believed the Gold screenplay was relatively accurate. Eskanas, with Orly Andelson Productions, said his company makes a lot of movies based on true stories. “We always want to make sure that it’s accurate, that anything that has to be changed dramatically no way changes the gist of the story and the people involved,” Eskanas said.

All scripts have to be annotated to show where the scenes come from, he said, backed up with proof from articles and interviews. He said the Good As Gold script underwent a legal review but that, additionally, “professionally and creatively we want to keep it as true to the story as possible.”

Peterson reappears in the Gold script where it deals with favors given to the son of IOC member Un-yong Kim. The son, John, was indicted by a federal grand jury on charges he lied to the FBI about the Salt Lake City bribery scandal and fraudulently obtained a green card in connection with a fake job he held at Salt Lake City’s Keystone Communications. Kim fled the United States but was recently arrested in Bulgaria. He is undergoing extradition to Utah for the trial.

The Gold script has Peterson sitting beside John Kim, in the back seat of Welch’s Cadillac with the personalized license plate that says “MR OLMPCS.” Welch is inside the building trying to talk Keystone CEO David Simmons into “hiring” Kim.

CRAIG: So the thing to remember is not to be nervous just be yourself. (John’s eyes fixed on the beeping Game Boy in his hands.)

CRAIG: I guess the whole north/south thing is on your mind

In the next scene, Welch’s car roars out of the parking lot, Kim is left behind at Keystone, and Peterson is sitting in the front-passenger seat.

TOM: Once he ramps up he’s gonna be terrific.

CRAIG: I don’t know—first, it wasn’t bribes, it was gifts. Now, it’s jobs and green cards. ...

Simmons pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor tax violation after admitting to authorities he used fake contracts and phony invoices to conceal Kim’s phony employment and deducted his salary as a business expense. He’ll be yet another key witness against Welch and Johnson.

Kim’s American public-relations person, Bill Schechter, attempted to diffuse the controversy by saying the Justice Department has a copy of a document in which Kim was informed in writing by SLOC officials “that Sen. [Orrin] Hatch is prepared to provide special legislation if necessary to overcome any problems that John may have on his green card,” according to an AP story. Indeed, the Olympic bid committee had turned to the Utah senator on several occasions when it needed Washington clout to accommodate IOC member children who got jobs in the United States. The Associated Press reported that the senator’s spokeswoman, Heather Barney, said Hatch had only a vague recollection of Kim, and only advised Welch on immigration procedures.

Hatch wouldn’t comment himself because “he is not willing to get in the middle of this mess,” she told AP.

Kim is on the witness list. Hatch is not. Kim will appear at trial if the government can bring him from Bulgaria where he is in jail and fighting extradition.

Peterson continues to show up in the screenplay in the middle of more key, alleged fraudulent transactions surrounding the Olympics much like a Utah Forrest Gump. Take the scene where Johnson’s Porsche comes roaring into the SLBC office parking lot where Tom and Craig apparently stand.

DAVE: Code red! Code red!

TOM: What’s happened?

DAVE: Quebec is buying every delegate a snowmobile.

TOM: No way!

DAVE: And that’s not all, the Italians offered Arroyo $10,000 to switch his vote!

TOM: Fine! You tell him we’ll pay fifteen!

CRAIG: I don’t believe this!

DAVE: What about Quebec?

TOM: I’ll tell you what ... if they’re gonna give ’em snowmobiles, we’re gonna give ’em snow!

TOM: Well start flying ’em in! First class! All expenses! Those delegates are gonna have the times of their life right here in Salt Lake!

DAVE: What if they won’t come?

TOM: They can trade in their first class tickets for cash! How’s that for Olympic spirit?!

Craig: But you can’t do that.

Some of the so-called overt acts in the indictment allege that Welch and Johnson improperly attempted to influence IOC member Augustin Arroyo by paying $586 for his stepdaughter?s car repair and another $701 of bid money to pay on her American Express card bill. A year later, in 1994, the bid committee paid more than $500 to buy Arroyo a purebred dog, a $3,000 check apparently for cash, almost $7,000 for a family stay at Deer Valley and another $2,500 to his stepdaughter for personal expenses. Arroyo was one of several IOC members expelled when facts about the scandal came to light.

It was the kind of payment Peterson was supposed to be sniffing out and stopping. As former director of Community & Economic Develop